A group of RNA viruses isolated from man, mammals, and birds The virus particle is 6090 nanometers in diameter The outer membrane (capsid), which protects the inner capsid with doublestranded ribonucleic acid, consists of protein subunits (capsomers) Reoviruses contain the enzyme RNAdependent RNA polymerase They multiply in cytoplasmA series of 94 isolates of reovirus from humans, cattle, and mice, showed extensive variability in the patterns of migration of the ten doublestranded RNA genome segments This variation was found in all three serotypes, and involved all ten genome segments, including the segment responsible for serological specificity White root rot, caused by Rosellinia necatrix, is a serious soilborne disease of fruit trees and other woody plantsR necatrix isolate W370 contains 12 segments of doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) that is believed to represent a possible member of the family ReoviridaeW370 was weakly virulent and its hyphaltip strains became dsRNA free and strongly virulent
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Double stranded rna is found in reovirus
Double stranded rna is found in reovirus- Getting To The Core Of Reovirus HHMI researchers have solved the structure of an important component of the reovirus, a doublestranded RNA virus that bears similarity to pathogens such as The interaction between the helicase DHX33 and IPS1 as a novel pathway to sense doublestranded RNA and RNA viruses in myeloid dendritic cells Cell Mol Immunol 11, 49–57 (14) https//doi
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Reovirus definition is any of a family (Reoviridae) of doublestranded RNA viruses that have a virion with icosahedral structural symmetry but may appear spherical, that have a capsid with one to three concentric protein layers, and that include many plant or animal pathogens (such as the rotaviruses and the causative agent of bluetongue) Many doublestranded RNA viruses are found in nature, so the structure could serve as a model for these related viruses, says Shatkin The reoviral core is an internal component of the virus that remains intact after the virus penetrates the host cell, as in other plant and animal doublestranded RNA virusesSpecifically, PARP9 was found to bind doublestranded viral RNA in the region of 1,1001,400 base pairs in reovirus (an RNA virus) Microarray gene expression analysis indicated an extremely low PARP9 expression in most cell types Yet, PARP9 was notably induced by IFNα as well as the influenza A RNA virus in human dendritic cells
Retroviruses use reverse transcriptase to transform their singlestranded RNA into doublestranded DNA It is DNA that stores the genome of human cells and cells from other higher life forms Once transformed from RNA to DNA, the viral DNA can beOrganisms With DNA, RNA and Both DNA is found in eukaryotes, prokaryotic and cellular organelles Viruses with DNA include adenovirus, hepatitis B, papillomavirus, bacteriophage Viruses with RNA are ebolavirus, HIV, rotavirus, and influenza Examples of viruses with doublestranded RNA are reoviruses, endornaviruses, and crypto virusesDOI 1033/fmicb Abstract The blue crab, Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 16, which is a commercially important trophic link in coastal ecosystems of the western Atlantic, is infected in both North and South America by C sapidus Reovirus 1 (CsRV1), a double stranded RNA virusThe 12 genome segments of a North American strain of CsRV1 were sequenced using Ion Torrent
1 nm = 109 metre) across, have two icosahedral capsids, and contain a core of segmentedDoublestranded RNA viruses (dsRNA viruses) are a polyphyletic group of viruses that have doublestranded genomes made of ribonucleic acidThe doublestranded genome is used to transcribe a positivestrand RNA by the viral RNAdependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) The positivestrand RNA may be used as messenger RNA (mRNA) which can be translated into viral The virus family Reoviridae, containing nine genera and more than 0 members, are unique in that they possess a segmented doublestranded (ds) RNA genome Using reovirus as a model member of this family, we have developed the only functional reverse genetics system for a member of this family with ten or more genome segments
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Mammalian reovirus is a nonenveloped doublestranded RNA virus Although isolated from respiratory and enteric tracts, reovirus is rarely linked to human disease and is thus regarded as benign Recently, reovirus was found to preferentially kill many types of cancer cells, raising the prospect of using reovirus as a cancer therapy reagentHowever, the mechanisms underlying differences in IFNI production between T1 and T3 reoviruses remain undefined Here, we found that differences in IFNI production between T1 and Differential Delivery of Genomic DoubleStranded RNA Causes Reovirus StrainSpecific Differences in Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 Activation J Virol 18 AprPiscine reovirus (PRV) is a double stranded nonenveloped RNA virus detected in farmed and wild salmonids This study examined the phylogenetic relationships among different PRV sequence types present in samples from salmonids in Western Canada and the US, including Alaska (US), British Columbia (Canada) and Washington State (US)
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BTV, like other members of the family, is a complex nonenveloped virus with seven structural proteins and a RNA genome consisting of 10 variously sized doublestranded (ds) RNA segments This article will be centred on the molecular dissection of BTV with a view to understanding the role of each protein in the virus replication cyclePl re·o·vi·rus·es Any of a family of viruses that contain doublestranded RNA and are associated with various diseases in animals, including human Reoviruses definition of reoviruses by The Free Dictionary Reoviruses are found in several commercially important crab species, including Callinectes sapidus,A family of doublestranded RNA viruses, some of which (Reovirus) previously were included with Echoviruses, and others (Orbivirus), with arboviruses Virions are 6080 nm in diameter, usually naked, and ether resistant;
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Doublestranded RNA Viruses Structure and Molecular Biology Edited by John T Patton Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD , USA Published January 08 Pages x 374 Hardback ISBN £159, $319 Published by Caister Academic Press wwwcaistercomReoviruses form the largest of the eight families of viruses with doublestranded ribonucleic acid (ds RNA) genomes (24) Ortho reoviruses are one of twelve genera of reoviruses (8) and occur in many organisms, including vertebrates (5,7,13,16,17,34), inverte brates (3), fungi (15), and plants (35) Orthoreoviruses can furtherFIG 2 Degradation of doublestranded reovirus RNA 10 /ug of purified FV3 (X >X) and 50,1 of a BHKcell extract (0)wereincubated with2jgofdoublestranded32Plabeled reovirus RNAForpreparation ofBHKcell extract see Table 1 Doublestranded reovirus RNA without virus (U U) For detailsseeMaterialsandMethods
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The virusspecific doublestranded genome RNA and polypeptides present in virions and cells infected with the three mammalian reovirus serotypes have been examined by coelectrophoresis in several different polyacrylamide gel systems The doublestranded RNA and polypeptide species previously descriFi cial doublestranded (ds) RNA, was found to be a ligand for MDA5 ( 26, 28 ), the motif recognized by MDA5 should be characterized, and a natural ligand for MDA5 is also yet to be discovered In this study, we investigated how RIGI and MDA5 diff erentially recognize RNAs by chemically modifying poly ICPl re·o·vi·rus·es Any of a family of viruses that contain doublestranded RNA and are associated with various diseases in animals, including human Reovirus definition of reovirus by The Free Dictionary reovirus Also found in Thesaurus, Medical, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a genetic regulatory system that functions to silence the activity of specific genes RNAi occurs naturally, through the production of nuclearencoded premicroRNA (premiRNA), and can be induced experimentally, using short segments of synthetic doublestranded RNA (dsRNA)Capsids are of icosohedral symmetry with two layers ofGenomes contain doublestranded, segmented RNA (MW 1016 × 10 6 );
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Reoviruses Any of a group of doublestranded RNA viruses which occur in the respiratory and digestive tracts of healthy individuals but which may cause infantile diarrhoea (rotaviruses) and Colorado tick fever (orbiviruses) A partacronym from 'Respiratory', 'Enteric', 'Orphan'Reovirus, any of a group of ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses constituting the family Reoviridae, a small group of animal and plant viruses The virions of reoviruses (the name is a shortening of respiratory enteric orphan viruses) lack an outer envelope, appear spheroidal, measure about 70 nanometres (nm; The dsRNAs tested include the Reovirus genomic RNA, the S4 dsRNA made by annealing in vitro transcribed positive and negativesense strands of the Reovirus S4 RNA, and the Bell pepper endornavirus dsRNA, BPEV, purified from bell pepper plants , and other viral and synthetic dsRNAs Transcripts of the JFH1 genome were used as a ssRNA control
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Introduction Reovirus serotype 3–dearing strain is a naturally occurring, ubiquitous, nonenveloped human reovirus with a genome that consists of 10 segments of doublestranded RNA ()Communityacquired reovirus infection in humans is generally mild and limited to the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tractWhich includes segmented doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses of both medical (rotavirus) and economic (orbivirus) importance (reviewed in 79) Reoviruses have nonenveloped, doubleshelled particles composed of eight different structural proteins encasing the ten dsRNA genome segments Reovirus isolates (orA region of striking similarity was found between amino acids 354 and 374 of σ2 and amino acids 1008 and 1031 of the β subunit of the Escherichia coli DNAdependent RNA polymerase We suggest that the regions with similar sequence in σ2 and the β subunit form amphipathic αhelices which may play a related role in the function of each protein
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A group of RNA viruses isolated from man, mammals, and birds The virus particle is 6090 nanometers in diameter The outer membrane (capsid), which protects the inner capsid with doublestranded ribonucleic acid, consists of protein subunits (capsomers) Reoviruses contain the enzyme RNAdependent RNA polymerase They multiply in cytoplasm The extracted RNA was then treated with DNase (NEB, Ipswich, MA, USA) and S1 Nuclease (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) to remove DNA and singlestranded RNA The duck reovirus isolate HC and ARV S1133Reoviruses are a family of viruses (Reoviridae) that contain segmented doublestranded RNA (dsRNA) genome packaged by a singleor doublelayered inner capsid and include several important pathogens that are responsible for diseases in
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And doublestranded RNA Doublestranded RNAs isolated from purified reovirus type 3 and from HeLa cells infected with poliovirus and singlestranded poliovirus RNA from purified virus are readily degraded by incubation with frog virus 3 The mode of action of the nucleases is endonucleolytic Under the assay conditions used for the viral enzyme,RNA virus and a doublestranded segmented RNA virus These findings shed important new light on the mechanisms of viral evolution and particularly the importance and scope of heterologous recombination Introduction Coronaviruses are large, enveloped viruses with singlestranded, positivesense, nonsegmented RNA genomes 1Avian reoviruses (ARVs) are doublestranded RNA viruses of the family Reoviridae, genus Orthoreovirus, that can infect both domestic and wild birdsIn crows, the ARV called corvid orthoreovirus causes a disease known as winter mortality of crows in which large numbers of crows become infected and die as they congregate in winter roosts Winter mortality of crows was first
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MRNAsof several viruses wererecently found to be methylated when synthesized in the presence of the methyl donor, Sadenosylmethionine (SAdoMet) These include purified cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (CPV) (2) and reovirus (3) (two doublestranded RNA viruses), vesicular stomatitis virus which contains a singlestranded RNA (4), and theMammalian reovirus, a multisegmented doublestranded RNA virus in the family Reoviridae, replicates in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic host cell The reovirus core particle can produce m7NGpppGm29OpC(pN) nOH (cap 1) plusstrand RNA from each genomic doublestranded RNA segment in vitro (1), indi The orthoreoviruses are infectious agents that possess a genome comprised of 10 doublestranded RNA segments encased in two concentric protein capsids Like virtually all RNA viruses, an RNAdependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) enzyme is required for viral propagation RdRp sequences have been determined for the prototype mammalian orthoreoviruses and for several other closelyrelated reoviruses
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Differential Delivery of Genomic DoubleStranded RNA Causes Reovirus StrainSpecific Differences in Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 Activation Stuart JD(1)(2), Holm GH(3), Boehme KW(4)(2) Author information (1)Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA1) Which virus type does not need any of its own enzymes?a) double stranded DNA viruses b) negative stranded RNA viruses c) positive stranded RNA viruses d) retroviruses 2) The protein coat that protects the viral nucleic acid is called _____a) an envelope b) a membrane c) a capsule d) a capsid 3) Plus strand RNA _____a) can integrate into the host's chromosome The genome of reovirus comprises at least 10 segments of dsRNA that vary in length, including long (39 kbp), medium (22 kbp), and short (12 kbp) RNA segments Kato et al show that RIGI and MDA5 recognize the short and long dsRNA segments of the reovirus
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